While today’s Quantum computing prototype systems can already tackle computational problems at the limits of classical computers, the path toward fully scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computers is now becoming clearer. Marked by the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology (2025), the field has reached a turning point, with tangible progress in quantum error correction and fault tolerance, key milestones toward achieving reliable, large-scale quantum advantage.
At the forefront of this transition is EuRyQa (European Infrastructure for Rydberg Quantum Computing), a Quantum Flagship initiative dedicated to developing digital, programmable quantum computers based on neutral atom technologies. Recent results from EuRyQa and leading international research groups demonstrate that all fundamental building blocks required for fault-tolerant quantum computing have now been achieved using this platform. Neutral atom systems are thus emerging as one of the most promising approaches for scaling quantum computers to millions of qubits within a single node.
Building on EuRyQa’s integrated approach, the consortium recently published a white paper that outlines the technical requirements and strategic steps needed to realise large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computing with neutral atoms. It calls for a long-term, competitive European programme that combines public and private investment, clear strategic objectives, and continuous evaluation—laying the groundwork for Europe to lead in the next era of quantum innovation.
Read the full paper here.
